树莓派HomeAssistant智能家居

发表于 2021-09-15 更新于 2022-05-25 分类于树莓派的反击本文字数： 3.1k

树莓派HomeAssistant智能家居

一、什么是HomeAssistant

Home Assistant（以下简称HA）是个开源的智能家居平台。我们可以把家中的智能家居设备整合到HA中。它能够接入的设备非常的多比如大名鼎鼎的小米、博联、易微联、飞利浦、特斯拉…，也可以接入软件，比如MPD音乐播放器，VLC…
HA对于苹果的用户有个很大的福利，那就是接入HA的设备大多数也可以接入苹果的家庭中，从而可以Siri语音控制。这么一说，苹果支持的配件一下子就多了，不是苹果支持的配件也支持了。自己DIY的也能接入苹果。

二、树莓派安装HomeAssistant

1. 树莓派更换国内apt源(可选，中国大陆必须)

sudo su
echo 'deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian/ stretch main contrib non-free rpi' > /etc/apt/sources.list
echo 'deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian/ stretch main contrib non-free rpi' >> /etc/apt/sources.list
echo 'deb http://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi/ stretch main ui' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list
echo 'deb-src http://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi/ stretch main ui' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list
apt-get update
exit

2. 安装依Python3运行环境

sudo apt-get -y install python3-pip build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python-dev openssl libssl-dev python3-cffi python3-setuptools python3-cryptography python3-bcrypt python-cryptography python-bcrypt python3-dev

3.修改阿里云pip源(可选，中国大陆必须)

sudo su
mv /etc/pip.conf /etc/pip.conf.bak
echo '[global]' > /etc/pip.conf
echo 'timeout = 6000' >> /etc/pip.conf
echo 'index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/' >> /etc/pip.conf
echo 'trusted-host = mirrors.aliyun.com' >> /etc/pip.conf
exit

4.安装python依赖包

pip3 install requests
pip3 install sqlalchemy
pip3 install distro
pip3 install hass-nabucasa
pip3 install xmltodict
pip3 install mutagen
pip3 install netdisco
pip3 install pynacl
pip3 install pyotp
pip3 install pyqrcode
pip3 install aiohttp
pip3 install aiohttp_cors
pip3 install cryptography
pip3 install gtts-token
pip3 install hass-nabucasa
sudo pip3 install pycryptodome
sudo pip3 install --upgrade pip

5.安装Home Assistant

1	sudo pip3 install homeassistant

6.手动启动测试一下是否正常,启动过程中会自动安装一些依赖包，耐心等待。

hass

7.创建系统服务

sudo chown -R $USER /tmp
echo $USER > /tmp/user.txt
sudo su
USER1=`cat /tmp/user.txt`
echo '[Unit]' > /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'Description=Home Assistant Service' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'After=network.target' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'Wants=network.target' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo '[Service]' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'User='$USER1 >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'Type=simple' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'ExecStartPre=/bin/sleep 3' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/hass' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'Restart=always' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo '[Install]' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
echo 'WantedBy=multi-user.target' >> /etc/systemd/system/hass.service
exit